Tổng hợp từ vựng chủ đề Science and Technology thông dụng cho kì thi IELTS
25 Tháng Mười Một, 2022Từ vựng IELTS thông dụng
Từ những bộ sách hay nhất cho việc ôn thi IELTS, azVocab đã tổng hợp được hơn 80 từ vựng phổ biến nhất thuộc chủ đề Science and Technology cho kì thi IELTS.
Các từ vựng này đều có thể sử dụng cho cả 4 kỹ năng Reading, Listening, Speaking và Writing. Những ví dụ được azVocab lựa chọn kĩ lưỡng trong từng ngữ cảnh cụ thể ở các bài thi IELTS. Điều này sẽ giúp các bạn biết cách sử dụng từ trong ngữ cảnh, tăng tính hiệu quả của việc học từ.
1. Từ vựng về Khoa học
| capsule (n.) – con nhộng | These researchers are using nanotechnology to create a capsule that will release the medication slowly into the body. |
| cloning (n.) – sinh sản vô tính | Cloning is a type of genetic engineering that uses cells from one organism to create a second living organism that is genetically identical to the first. |
| compound (n.) – hợp chất (hóa học) | Now, our modern-day world of medical science is beginning to realise just how effective these phytochemicals, chemical compounds that occur naturally in plants, can be. |
| condensation (n.) – sự hoá đặc (chất nước); sự ngưng (hơi); sự tụ (ánh sáng) | Condensation will eventually cause the fabric of the building to rot away. |
| evaporation (n.) – sự bay hơi | In the tropics, this water is warmed by the sun and becomes saltier because of the higher rate of evaporation in the heat. |
| liquid (n.) – chất lỏng | The compressed gas is cooled and condenses into a liquid. |
| petrochemicals (n.) – chất hoá dầu, sản phẩm hoá dầu | Our society is heavily dependent on oil-based goods such as plastics and petrochemicals. |
| prototype (n.) – mẫu thử; mẫu đầu tiên | In 1947 a prototype circled San Diego for more than an hour but later crashed in the desert. |
| reaction (n.) – phản ứng | When assessing the toxicity of a substance, it is important to have a good understanding of how the different contaminants in the mix may interact both with one another and inside any creature which absorbs them. Sometimes these reactions make a substance more, or less, toxic. |
| tool (n.) – dụng cụ, công cụ | The ability to create things out of cloth had as great an impact on society as the invention of tools. |
| organic (adj.) – hữu cơ | Because textiles are organic, they’re subject to biological deterioration from air, water, minerals, insects, and fungi. |
| combine (v.) – kết hợp | Hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water. |
| dilute (v.) – pha loãng, làm nhạt đi | We added water to dilute the mixture because it was too strong. |
| dissolve (v.) – tan, phân hủy | Pour the powder into the solution and stir it gently until the powder has dissolved. |
| manufacture (v.) – sản xuất | Wood pellets manufactured by this process are suitable for use in both pellet stoves and pellet furnaces. |
| measure (v.) – đo lường | In the past, people were seen as either intelligent or unintelligent, and this was measured with an IQ test. |
| operate (v.) – vận hành | The new machines were not difficult to run. They could be operated by unskilled workers and turned out to be an inferior product. |
| penetrate (v.) – thâm nhập, lọt vào; đâm thủng, xuyên qua | At the height of totality, the fit of the sun and the moon is so perfect that beads of sunlight can only penetrate the rugged valleys on the lunar surface. |
| pierce (v.) – chọc thủng, xuyên qua | However, if you pierce the balloon through the sticky tape, instead of bursting, the air will leak quietly and slowly. |
| release (v.) – làm thoát ra, làm chảy ra | Coal power stations release sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere. |
| repel (v.) – đẩy | Similar poles of magnets repel each other, and opposite poles attract. |
| solidify (v.) – đóng rắn; đông đặc | This could explain why rocks on the moon’s near side are richer in potassium, phosphorus and other elements that suggest they were among the last rocks to solidify out of the moon’s primordial magma ocean. |
| verify (v.) – thẩm tra; xác minh | Since Adler, there have been numerous attempts to verify the influence of birth order on a range of personality traits. |
| weigh (v.) – cân, nặng | This huge shellfish can live for more than 100 years and can weigh as much as two hundred kilos. |
| consist of (phr.v) – gồm có (thành phần) | Atoms consist of positively-charged protons, negatively-charged electrons and neutral particles called neutrons. |
| industrial (adj.) – (thuộc) công nghiệp | The industrial revolution was happening everywhere. In the textile-producing towns of England, workers focused on the new weaving machines as the source of their troubles. |
| infinitesimal (adj.) – cực nhỏ | The amounts of radioactivity present were infinitesimal. |
| magnetic (adj.) – (thuộc) nam châm, có từ tính, (thuộc) từ (trường) | Inductance is the ratio of total magnetic flux to the current through the device. |
| include (v.) – bao gồm, gồm có | Examples include mixtures of petroleum hydrocarbons, metals and metalloids in mining and pesticides on or in the food we consume. |
2. Từ vựng liên quan tới Công nghệ, điện tử, viễn thông
| automatic pilot (n.) – hệ thống/chế độ tự lái | Even flying a plane has been automated now. The automatic pilot is used for most of the flight. |
| computerisation (n.) – sự trang bị máy tính; điện toán hoá | Furthermore, computerisation has led to fewer jobs and less human contact as many everyday transactions are now done by computer rather than manually. |
| cyberspace (n.) – không gian ảo, không gian máy tính | You can find the answer to almost any question in cyberspace. |
| data (n.) – dữ liệu | I find the Optima downloads information a lot faster and it also has a bigger memory, so it can store more data. |
| device (n.) – thiết bị | Even in the most remote areas, people have access to some form of communication device. |
| function (n.) – chức năng | I like the way the Smart Phone automatically displays a calendar when you open it up though, that’s a really useful function. |
| Internet (n.) – mạng | The introduction of the telephone last century changed our world, but today’s mobile phones and the virtual world of the Internet have revolutionised it. |
| keyboard (n.) – bàn phím | The Optima opens up to reveal a full keyboard inside. You can also scroll up and down by touching the screen. |
| keypad (n.) – bộ phím | The Smartphone has a standard telephone keypad and I find it really awkward to use when I’m sending messages. |
| laptop (n.) – máy tính xách tay | I can access the Internet from anywhere in my house because my laptop has a wireless connection. |
| memory (n.) – bộ nhớ | My computer has a gigabyte of memory. |
| monitor (n.) – màn hình quan sát | The desk will also come with a compact disc player and color monitor for viewing nature scenes on a computer break. |
| remote control (n.) – điều khiển từ xa | The rocket went off course and had to be destroyed by remote control. |
| resolution (n.) – độ phân giải | As well as providing images with better resolution, today’s scanners also provide more comfort for the patient. |
| silicon chip (n.) – vi mạch | The invention of the silicon chip meant that computers could be much smaller. |
| technology (n.) – công nghệ | At least communication technology in this digital age hasn’t let us down. |
| telecommunications (n.) – viễn thông | Technological advances in computing and telecommunications will reduce the need for many people to travel to work. |
| wireless connection (n.) – mạng không dây (wifi) | Additional features include an IrDA interface for wireless connection and a locking switch for printer transport. |
| cyber (adj.) – thuộc máy tính, thuộc điều khiển học | To some extent they were right, especially when it comes to children and cyber addiction. |
| digital (adj.) – kĩ thuật số | Application software has been around for decades and allows the user to perform various tasks, such as document manipulation or modification of digital images. |
| electronic (adj.) – (thuộc) điện tử | In the future, there may not be any books, magazines, or newspapers at all. Probably everything will be electronic. |
| handheld (adj.) – cầm tay | The communicating systems use e-mail, or wireless devices such as mobile phones, wearable computers, or the handheld variety. |
| portable (adj.) – có thể mang theo, xách tay | This ability to store tons of information in cell phones or digital cameras allowed us to keep computer technology portable. |
| powerful (adj.) – khỏe, cấu hình mạnh | With the advent of more powerful mobile phones, a huge new field of mobile applications, or apps, has developed. |
| up-to-date (adj.) – cập nhật | People can also search the Web for the most up-to-date information from any part of the world. |
| user-friendly (adj.) – thân thiện với người dùng | Modern software programs are so user-friendly that you don’t even need a great deal of computer knowledge to be able to use them. |
| virtual (adj.) – ảo | Video game technology developed to the point where it became a $10 billion-a-year industry, producing games that invite players into a virtual world of fantasy, sport, and even war. |
| automatically (adv.) – tự động | Site users can choose to install applications – software components that personalise their profile page. If one person adopts an application, their friends are automatically notified. |
| access (v.) – truy cập | Developments that occurred at the start of the twenty-first century meant we could access all that information just by reaching into our pockets for our mobile phones. |
| connect (v.) – kết nối | Anti-virus software is a must if your computer is connected to the internet. |
| download (v.) – tải xuống | II featured a website where more than 14,000 people listened to any of the songs by relatively unknown bands, rated them, and downloaded them if they wanted. |
| install (v.) – cài đặt | Do not download and install programs from websites that you are unfamiliar with. |
| operate (v.) – vận hành | The new machines were not difficult to run. They could be operated by unskilled workers and turned out to be an inferior product. |
| store (v.) – lưu trữ, dự trữ | The data stored on the site makes it possible to analyse the growth in popularity of individual applications in unprecedented detail. |
| scroll (v.) – cuộn xuống, lên | You can also scroll up and down by touching the screen. |
3. Từ vựng về Các đặc điểm và sự phát triển của khoa học, công nghệ
| invention (n.) – sáng chế | There have been many important inventions in the past 100 years, and they have changed our lives in dramatic ways. |
| patent (n.) – bằng sáng chế | Some 30 patents for flying cars were registered in the US patent office last century but none of these ideas has been transformed into a commercially available vehicle. |
| setback (n.) – sự đình trệ; trở ngại, khó khăn | The electric car has seen both technical advances and a number of setbacks, so. The jury is still out on its future. |
| vision (n.) – tầm nhìn | Our gadget-filled homes are a tribute to the various visions of the future: the microwave oven, internet fridges with ice-cube dispensers, freezers, video monitors, climate control, dishwashers, washing machines, personal computers, wireless connections and cupboards full of instant food. |
| compact (adj.) – nhỏ gọn | We have hundreds of compact, mid-sized, and luxury cars to choose from, all right on our lot. |
| automatic (adj.) – tự động | The car, of course, has failed to live up to our expectations. It has been given turbo engines, DVD players and automatic windows, but its tyres stick stubbornly to the road. |
| computerised (adj.) – điều khiển bằng máy tính; trang bị máy tính | Manufacturing processes have become increasingly computerized. |
| crucial (adj.) – cốt yếu, chủ yếu | Creating a scanner that could produce images at a faster rate was crucial in the development of tomography. |
| cutting-edge (adj.) – mới và tối tân | This cutting-edge, more sophisticated technology brought with it a whole new set of problems. |
| dated (adj.) – lỗi thời, cũ kĩ | This information is dated, so you cannot use it. |
| domestic (adj.) – nội địa | The overriding message of the 1950s vision of the house of the future is that one can access the wonders of the future through the purchase of domestic technology today. |
| factual (adj.) – căn cứ vào sự thật | Taylor carried out studies to ensure that factual scientific knowledge would replace these traditional “rules of thumb.” |
| fundamental (adj.) – cơ bản; chủ yếu | From the very beginning of the Information Age, having immediate access to data was fundamental to process. |
| industrial (adj.) – (thuộc) công nghiệp | The industrial revolution was happening everywhere. In the textile-producing towns of England, workers focused on the new weaving machines as the source of their troubles. |
| interactive (adj.) – có tương tác | Some computer games are highly interactive. |
| labour-saving (adj.) – tiết kiệm sức lao động | In my view, the dishwasher is one of the greatest labour-saving devices. |
| simple (adj.) – đơn giản | The first fire engines were simple tubs on wheels that were pulled to the location of the fire, with water being supplied by a bucket brigade. |
| up-to-date (adj.) – cập nhật | People can also search the Web for the most up-to-date information from any part of the world. |
| user-friendly (adj.) – thân thiện với người dùng | Modern software programs are so user-friendly that you don’t even need a great deal of computer knowledge to be able to use them. |
| adopt (v.) – tiếp nhận, làm theo | The majority of paleontologists and geologists adopted the gradualist theory of Earth’s history for more than 100 years. |
| attach (v.) – gắn, thắt chặt, kết nối | Until the late 1920s, airplane propellers were made of a single piece of wood attached at the center to the driveshaft of the engine. |
| enable (v.) – làm cho có thể (làm gì), làm cho có khả năng (làm gì) | We now have mobile ground-penetrating radar working through close-spaced cluster-form sensors that enable us to digitally chart this famous landscape. |
| envisage (v.) – dự tính | Even in 1971, in his book Future Shock, Alvin Toffler envisaged a society awash with ‘free time’. |
| revolutionise (v.) – cách mạng hóa | Advances in technology have done much to change the way we live and communicate, but no breakthrough revolutionised life as much as the advent of wireless technology, according to a panel of experts assembled by CNN in 2010. |
| speculate (v.) – dự đoán | We need science fiction, more than ever, to speculate about the future of technology. |
| surpass (v.) – vượt, trội hơn | These may no longer be considered cutting-edge but they have matched, if not surpassed, visions of how we would live. |
Chủ đề Science and Technology là một trong những chủ đề thường gặp nhất trong kì thi IELTS do sự phát triển mạnh mẽ của khoa học công nghệ. Hy vọng bài viết này sẽ giúp các bạn nâng cao thêm vốn từ vựng của bản thân ở chủ đề này để chinh phục thành công kì thi IELTS sắp tới. Hãy đón xem thêm nhiều bài viết khác về từ vựng thông dụng cho kì thi IELTS của azVocab nhé!
