Tổng hợp các cụm từ vựng luyện thi IELTS chủ đề: Nature and Environment

Subtopic Nature

Đối với mọi thí sinh từng thi IELTS, chủ đề Nature là một trong những chủ đề khiến nhiều thí sinh rớt điểm nhất. Bài thi thuộc chủ đề Nature không chỉ yêu cầu bạn sở hữu vốn từ vựng, kỹ năng sử dụng từ và câu thành thạo, mà còn yêu cầu bạn phải sở hữu kiến thức nền rộng lớn. Do đó, ngoài những cụm từ vựng mà azVocab cung cấp, bạn hãy đọc thêm nhiều các bài viết khác để có kiến thức nền cho chủ đề này nhé.

CỤM TỪ	NGHĨA	VÍ DỤ
An increase in the world’s demand for natural resources	Sự gia tăng trong nhu cầu đối với các nguồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên	In conclusion, *an increase in the world’s demand for natural resources* is posing a number of threats to society.
Bitterly cold weather	Trời lạnh thấu xương	The appearance of snow may make people excited but thick layers of snow with *bitterly cold weather* can cause depression for people.
A marine ecosystem	Hệ sinh thái dưới nước	*A marine ecosystem* food chain is a food chain that is specifically found within marine ecosystems.
Climate change	Biến đổi khí hậu	*Climate change* puts many animal species at risk of extinction.
Dust storm	Cơn bão bụi	Unusually hot and dry conditions led to a rare giant orange *dust storm* that covered the northwestern state of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Extreme weather conditions	Điều kiện thời tiết cực đoan	They are *extreme weather conditions* that can cause a lot of damage to people and property on a large scale.
Freezing cold weather	Thời tiết rất lạnh	I could go to some Western countries such as America, Sweden or England to enjoy the *freezing cold weather*.
Harmful algal bloom	Thủy triều đỏ (tảo nở hoa)	Scientists call this a “*Harmful algal bloom*” (HAB). The most obvious harmful effects of HAB are marine animals or fishes, crustaceans, mollusks and other organisms that die in mass.
Natural calamities	Thiên tai	Not only me but also many people on Earth have a fear of *natural calamities.*
Natural phenomena	Hiện tượng tự nhiên	as well as admiring the snow falling outside – one of the most interesting *natural phenomena.*
Natural resources	Tài nguyên thiên nhiên	There is a need for an environmentally sustainable plan that will not destroy natural resources* and consequently people’s health.*
Natural surroundings	Môi trường tự nhiên	The best thing about going on safari is seeing the animals in their natural surroundings* rather than caged up in a zoo.*
Pest plague	Bệnh dịch sâu bệnh	Risk of the outbreak of *pest plague* on fruit trees and tea trees.
Pouring rain	Mưa xối xả	Offices or schools had to make an emergency announcement to let their employees and students be at home to avoid any potential accidents that may be caused by the *pouring rain.*
Salinity intrusion	Sự xâm nhập mặn, sự nhiễm mặn	In Vietnam in recent years, this problem has become more and more urgent when the area of *salinity intrusion* is increasing due to global climate change.
Scorching heat	Nắng nóng gay gắt	if really bad weather conditions happen, for instance, *scorching heat* or torrential rain, it is easy for people to have their mood down.
Severe storm	Cơn bão khốc liệt	Hurricane Irma is a *severe storm* with a terrible destructive intensity that is making landfall in the state of Florida, USA.
Solar storm	Bão mặt trời	When a *solar storm* strikes the Earth, it often produces a dazzling “northern lights” display in parts of the atmosphere that can be seen in areas close to the Arctic Circle.
The conservation and recovery of natural resources	Việc bảo tồn và khôi phục các nguồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên	It cannot solve deforestation, overfishing and overhunting, which should be tackled by other solutions, such as introducing a law on *the conservation and recovery of natural resources*.
The growing consumption of natural resources	Sự gia tăng của việc tiêu thụ các nguồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên	It is true that the world today is facing *the growing consumption of natural resources* at an alarming rate, which results in negative impacts on the environment as well as communities.
The overexploitation of the world’s resources	Việc khai thác quá mức nguồn tài nguyên của thế giới	Secondly, *the overexploitation of the world’s resources* makes our environment seriously deteriorate due to deforestation status.
The overconsumption of natural resources	Tiêu thụ quá mức nguồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên	Finland sets a target to curb *the overconsumption of natural resources*.
The resources come to the verge of depletion	Các nguồn tài nguyên có nguy cơ cạn kiệt	The most obvious threat is that once *the resources come to the verge of depletion*, humans would have to face the scarcity of fuels to provide essential energy.
The shortage of resources	Sự thiếu hụt các nguồn tài nguyên	The real problem is *the shortage of resources* like food and fresh water.
Tidal wave	Sóng cồn, sóng triều	*A tidal wave* is a regularly recurring shallow water wave caused by the effects of the gravitational interactions between the Sun, Moon, and Earth on the ocean.
To exploit natural resources	Khai thác nguồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên	In particular, does it include an obligation *to exploit natural resources* for national development and the well-being of the people?
Torrential rain	Mưa rất to	if really bad weather conditions happen, for instance, scorching heat or *torrential rain*, it is easy for people to have their mood down.
Flash flood	Lũ quét	The flash flood washed a whole village from the hillside, killing dozens of people.
To tremble with cold	Run lên vì lạnh	Although I am aware that it is not easy to live in the weather when the temperature is low, sometimes I tremble with cold* but I really want to enjoy that vibe.*
Volcanic eruption	Núi lửa phun trào	*Volcanic eruptions* happen when lava and gas are discharged from a volcanic vent.
Dangerous epidemics	Dịch bệnh nguy hiểm	The rain triggered inconvenience for people in different fields as a high death toll was recorded, traffic was in no order or people stood a high chance of dangerous epidemics.
Nature conservation	Việc bảo tồn thiên nhiên	One can reasonably deduce that 150 years of sporting interest have been good for nature conservation* on this site.*
Wildlife conservation	Việc bảo tồn động vật hoang dã	The scheme has been going since the 1980s and it plays a role in wildlife conservation* that is at the same time modest and indispensable.*
Endangered species	Loài gặp nguy hiểm	There are many organizations that are committed to saving endangered species.
Threatened species	Loài bị đe dọa	This national forest is also home to many threatened species, including lynx and eagle.
Rare species	Loài quý hiếm	The area supports local bird life including rare species* such as the sandwich tern and little tern.*
Extinct species	Loài tuyệt chủng	In addition, several extinct species* of alligator are known from fossil remains.*
Natural resource depletion	Sự cạn kiệt tài nguyên thiên nhiên	With growing populations, natural resource depletion* is accelerating, resulting in widespread deforestation, overgrazing, biodiversity loss, and soil erosion.*
Man-made disaster	Thảm họa nhân tạo	The worst deluge was largely a man-made disaster.
Delicately balanced ecosystem	Hệ sinh thái cân bằng mỏng manh	They are working to preserve the delicately balanced ecosystem* of these wetlands.*
Fragile ecosystem	Môi trường sinh thái dễ bị phá hoại	The fragile ecosystem and high risk of adverse weather conditions put the species at particular risk of population loss.
To get back to nature	Sống gần gũi với thiên nhiên	They went on a camping trip to get back to nature.

Subtopic Environment

Nhắc đến Environment thì đây là chủ đề chưa bao giờ hết hot vì nó là mối quan tâm chung của mọi người trên khắp thế giới. Vì vậy chủ đề này thường xuyên xuất hiện trong đề thi IELTS. Do đó, azVocab đã tổng hợp một số cụm từ vựng thông dụng thuộc chủ đề này để các bạn có sự chuẩn bị tốt nhất cho kì thi.

CỤM TỪ	NGHĨA	VÍ DỤ
Environmental pollution	Ô nhiễm môi trường	When there is an undesirable change in the surrounding that has harmful effects on plants and animals, it leads to *environmental pollution*.
Exhaust gas	Khí thải	Other aspects- like table setup, lenses and focus*, exhaust gas*, and material preparation- must be done manually.
Greenhouse gas emissions	Khí thải nhà kính	*Greenhouse gas emissions* from human activities strengthen the greenhouse effect, contributing to climate change.
Soil erosion	Xói mòn đất	The effects of *soil erosion* go beyond the loss of fertile land.
Land degradation	Suy thoái đất	The United Nations General Assembly has agreed to jointly combat land degradation.
Marine pollution	Ô nhiễm biển và đại dương	I welcome the progress that is being made in controlling and reducing marine pollution.
Melting of the polar ice caps	Việc tan chảy các tảng băng ở cực	The melting of the polar ice caps* will bring enormous change to the world.*
Environmental disaster	Thảm họa môi trường	When the oil tanker ran aground, it caused an environmental disaster* from which it took the local wildlife many years to recover.*
Environmental hazard	Mối nguy hại với môi trường	The illegal storage of toxic waste presents a significant environmental hazard.
Global warming	Hiện tượng nóng lên toàn cầu	*Global warming* causes ice to melt rapidly, polar bears are quickly destroyed due to food shortages and habitat destruction.
Alternative energy	Năng lượng thay thế	More emphasis should be placed on developing *alternative energy* sources such as wind, solar energy, and tides.
Solar panel	Tấm năng lượng mặt trời	Thus, more solar cells could be installed on the *solar panel,* which could improve the performance of solar arrays.
Biodiversity preservation	Sự bảo tồn đa dạng sinh học	*Biodiversity preservation* is pioneering an eco-literacy program targeting students in the Mahebourg Region.
The ozone layer	Tầng ozon	If the ozone layer were destroyed, most living things on the earth would disappear.
Contaminate groundwater	Làm ô nhiễm nguồn nước ngầm	Nitrates can *contaminate groundwater* if more nitrate is applied to the soil than the plants and soil can use.
Illegal dumping	Xả rác trái quy định	*Illegal dumping* is the disposal of trash generated at one location and disposed of at another location without legal permission.
Habitat destruction	Phá hủy môi trường sống tự nhiên	*Habitat destruction* is the process by which a natural habitat becomes incapable of supporting its native species.
Intensive farming	Canh tác quá mức	The use of *intensive farming* can damage the environment.
Temperatures soar	Nhiệt độ tăng	California *temperatures soar* to new records, adding strain to the power grid.
Ozone layer depletion	Suy thoái tầng ozone	*Ozone layer depletion* is the thinning of the ozone layer present in the upper atmosphere.
Domestic waste	Rác thải sinh hoạt	*Domestic waste* is one of the most important components of municipal waste.
Industrial waste	Rác thải công nghiệp	*Industrial waste* falls into two main categories: non-hazardous waste and hazardous waste.
Disposable products	Đồ dùng một lần	When I was young, things were made to last a long time and be used over and over again, but now we live in a world of disposable products* and have a huge waste problem.*
Dumping ground	Bãi thải	If we continue treating our oceans as dumping grounds, they will eventually become too polluted to sustain life.
Eco-friendly source	Nguồn nhiên liệu thân thiện	Solar panels are an *eco-friendly source* of energy.
Sustainable energy source	Nguồn nhiên liệu bền vững	*A sustainable energy source* is one which ensures supply for future generations and reduces damage to the environment.
Renewable energy	Năng lượng tái tạo	*Renewable energy* is energy derived from natural sources that are replenished at a higher rate than they are consumed.
Alternative energy	Năng lượng thay thế	When you hear the term ‘*alternative energy*‘ it’s usually referring to renewable energy sources too.
Clean energy	Năng lượng sạch	Scientists predict that clean energy* could reliably and affordably provide up to 80 percent of U.S. electricity by 2050.*
Green technology	Công nghệ xanh	*Green Technology* is a non-profit based in Altadena California.
Sustainable living	Sống bền vững	In more complex terms, *sustainable living* aims to achieve an environmental equilibrium
Biodegradable packaging	Bao bì sinh học có thể phân hủy	We offer the world’s most eco-friendly packaging supplies – recycled, recyclable, and naturally *biodegradable packaging* to ensure you can be proud of how you ship.
Conservation programme	Chương trình bảo tồn	Next year I’m planning to volunteer on a conservation programme* in Spain which researches dolphins.*
Environmental degradation	Sự suy thoái của môi trường	*Environmental degradation* is an alarming issue on the planet.
To do something harmful to the environment	Gây hại đến môi trường	When people experience a negative imbalance from having done something *harmful to the environment*.
To face the scarcity of fuels and materials	Đối mặt với tình trạng khan hiếm nhiên liệu và nguyên liệu	The most obvious threat is that once the resources come to the verge of depletion, humans would have *to face the scarcity of fuels and materials*.
To fight/combat pollution	Giải quyết ô nhiễm	*To combat pollution* and its inequalities, European citizens are calling for the “right to clean air” for all.
To utilize new sources of energy	Tận dụng các nguồn năng lượng mới	However, there is still a lot of room for improvement with regard to how *to utilize new sources of energy* in a more efficient way in automobiles.
Easily recyclable	Có thể dễ dàng tái chế	Most metals are *easily recyclable*.

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