100+ từ vựng chủ đề Health and Fitness thông dụng cho kì thi IELTS

1. Từ vựng về các vấn đề sức khỏe

addiction (n.) – sự nghiện	The internet can provide hours of entertainment. However, it can also lead to internet addiction* or health problems.*
allergy (n.) – sự dị ứng	If you have a food allergy, make sure you avoid any of the ingredients that can trigger an attack.
anxiety (n.) – sự lo lắng	Studies suggest that the inability to deal with stress is associated with the onset of depression or anxiety.
dehydration (n.) – sự mất nước	Cholera causes severe dehydration.
depression (n.) – sự trầm cảm	Access to pets can also reduce the severity of depression* among hospital patients and help ease the misery of bereavement.*
difficulty (n.) – khó khăn	There is also evidence that dental problems caused difficulties* in other early civilizations and people from those times actually developed treatments for them.*
disease (n.) – bệnh tật	Evidence has linked stress to heart disease* in men, particularly in work situations where they lack control.*
disorder (n.) – sự rối loạn	Some studies, however, have not found any strong link between stress and eating disorders.
exposure (n.) – sự phơi nhiễm	He asserts that the notion that a single exposure to a chemical mixture automatically places a person into a higher risk category is an urban myth that has no foundation.
factor (n.) – nhân tố	Different stress factors* may affect genders differently.*
harm (n.) – tai hại, thiệt hại	Missing a meal once in a while never did anyone any harm.
heart attack (n.) – cơn đau tim	If an artery that carries blood to the heart becomes blocked, the heart muscle can die. This is known as a heart attack.
infection (n.) – sự lây nhiễm, sự nhiễm trùng	Ear infections are common in preschool children.
insomnia (n.) – bệnh mất ngủ	The tensions of unresolved stress frequently cause insomnia, generally keeping the stressed person awake or causing awakening in the middle of the night or early morning.
onset (n.) – sự bắt đầu, giai đoạn đầu	Studies suggest that the inability to deal with stress is associated with the onset* of depression or anxiety.*
risk (n.) – rủi ro, sự mạo hiểm	Some research has suggested that stress may be a risk* factor for suicide.*
side effect (n.) – tác dụng phụ	Although the drug is very effective, it does have some unpleasant side effects.
stress (n.) – sự căng thẳng	In prehistoric times, the physical changes in response to stress* were an essential adaptation for meeting natural threats.*
stroke (n.) – đột quỵ	If the blockage occurs in an artery that carries blood to the brain. part of the brain can die. This is known as a stroke.
acute (adj.) – cấp tính	*Acute* stress can also be harmful in certain situations.
allergic (adj.) – dị ứng	The studies show that children may develop a severe allergic* reaction to GM foods.*
bacterial (adj.) – (thuộc) vi khuẩn; do vi khuẩn	During the bacterial* reduction of one mole of sulphate, four moles of hydrogen are consumed.*
chronic (adj.) – mãn tính, kinh niên	*Chronic* pain caused by arthritis and other conditions may be intensified by stress.
considerable (adj.) – đáng kể	The charts clearly show that, in modern times, obesity poses a considerable* problem from the age of 30 upwards.*
contagious (adj.) – lây, có thể lây nhiễm	Patients with diseases that are contagious* are isolated in a special area.*
daunting (adj.) – làm thoái chí, làm nản chí	Indeed, when you are faced with a daunting* problem, feeling depressed is often a useful response that may help you analyse and solve it.*
doubtful (adj.) – nghi ngờ, ngờ vực	It is doubtful* whether running is good for you when people get so many physical injuries as a result.*
harmful (adj.) – có hại	Pregnant women are excluded from receiving CT scans, as the X-rays can be harmful* to the fetus.*
imperceptible (adj.) – không thể cảm thấy; không thể nhận thấy	When they brought her into the emergency room, her breathing was imperceptible.
indicative (adj.) – là dấu hiệu của	Memory loss may be indicative of a more serious condition.
infectious (adj.) – lây nhiễm, lây truyền	The diseases of poverty, in contrast, are predominantly infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and diarrhoeal diseases.
insurmountable (adj.) – không khắc phục được, không giải quyết được	They were now faced with seemingly insurmountable* technical problems.*
long-sighted (adj.) – viễn thị	*Long-sighted* people are unable to see close objects clearly.
ongoing (adj.) – đang xảy ra, đang diễn ra	Depression is an ongoing* and pervasive problem in our society.*
overweight (adj.) – thừa cân	The proportion of Newtown inhabitants who are overweight* or obese increases steadily with age.*
persistent (adj.) – dai dẳng	If stress becomes persistent* and low-level, all parts of the body’s stress apparatus become chronically over- or under-activated.*
pervasive (adj.) – lan tràn khắp nơi	Depression is an ongoing and pervasive* problem in our society.*
problematic (adj.) – khó giải quyết	Depressed people dwell on personal problems, breaking them down into smaller components. Each individual component is less problematic.
deteriorate (v.) – yếu đi, kém đi, giảm đi	After all, the functioning of all body systems and organs tends to deteriorate* with age.*
diminish (v.) – bớt; giảm	Certainly, on a more obvious level, stress diminishes* the quality of life by reducing feelings of pleasure and accomplishment, and relationships are often threatened.*
disrupt (v.) – phá vỡ	Some evidence suggests that repeated release of stress hormones disrupts normal levels of serotonin, the nerve chemical that is critical for feelings of well-being.
misdiagnose (v.) – chẩn đoán nhầm	She underwent unnecessary surgery because doctors misdiagnosed* her with cancer.*
overdo (v.) – làm quá	One sure sign that you may overdo* exercise is if you can’t carry on a conversation while you do it.*
trigger (v.) – gây ra	In rare cases, stress may trigger* hyperactivity of the thyroid gland.*

2. Từ vựng về sức khỏe và chăm sóc sức khỏe

appetite (n.) – khẩu vị	In contrast, some people suffer a loss of appetite* and consequently lose weight.*
artery (n.) – động mạch	If an artery* that carries blood to the heart becomes blocked, the heart muscle can die.*
asset (n.) – vốn quý	Even in the modern world, the stress response can be an asset* for raising levels of performance during critical events.*
benefit (n.) – lợi ích	Researchers have already proven that green tea has considerable health benefits.
craving (n.) – sự thèm muốn, lòng khao khát	Many people develop cravings* for salt, fat and sugar to counteract tension and, thus, gain weight.*
diagnosis (n.) – sự chẩn đoán	The condition is associated with obesity; however, nearly three-quarters of the rise has been attributed to longer lifespans and better diagnosis.
dose (n.) – liều lượng, liều thuốc	Recent research casts doubt on the magnitude of many of these seemingly undesirable effects and even suggests that a daily dose of caffeine may reduce the risk of some chronic diseases while providing short-term benefits as well.
health (n.) – sức khỏe	Pets also make children happier. They are associated with improved psychological well-being, which in turn impacts positively on physical health.
healthcare (n.) – việc chăm sóc sức khỏe	Large corporations should have some responsibility in providing healthcare, safe working conditions, and an environment of equality.
therapy (n.) – liệu pháp	There is some hope for sufferers in this area as relaxation therapy* has been found to reduce stress levels and consequently improve the quality of sleep.*
treatment (n.) – sự điều trị	When having a heart attack, the sufferer must receive treatment* quickly.*
immeasurable (adj.) – không thể đo lường được	The new medicine has brought about an immeasurable* improvement in her life.*
moderate (adj.) – vừa phải	You should do thirty minutes of moderate* exercise on most days.*
realistic (adj.) – thực tế	Health authorities need to increase public awareness of these issues, but we also need to be realistic. Fast food is popular not only because it is convenient but also because it is tasty.
short-term (adj.) – ngắn hạn	While many of caffeine’s undesirable effects, such as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, are brief, some short-term benefits, including pain relief, increased alertness, and increased physical endurance, have also been attributed to caffeine.
vital (adj.) – sống còn, quan trọng	The ability to make quick decisions is vital* in an emergency.*
activate (v.) – làm hoạt động; hoạt hóa	Stress can certainly influence the activity of the heart when it activates* the sympathetic nervous system.*
administer (v.) – phân phát	Transporting vaccines isn’t easy because they’re so fragile, so they’re hoping to make an edible vaccine that’ll be easier to ship, score and even administer* to patients.*
affect (v.) – ảnh hưởng, tác động	Such actions and others could theoretically negatively affect* the heart in several different ways.*
alleviate (v.) – làm nhẹ bớt, làm giảm bớt, làm đỡ, làm dịu, làm khuây khỏa	By constricting blood vessels in the brain, it can alleviate* headaches – even migraines – and can help counter the drowsiness caused by antihistamines.*
avoid (v.) – phòng tránh	You should avoid* high-fat convenience foods to improve your health.*
combat (v.) – ngăn chặn	Phase II clinical trials test several hundred volunteers to determine how effectively the drug combats* the disease being studied.*
confirm (v.) – xác nhận	Nevertheless, evidence is still needed to confirm* any clear-cut relationship between stress and heart disease.*
counteract (v.) – chống lại; kháng cự	Many people develop cravings for salt, fat and sugar to counteract tension and, thus, gain weight.
curb (v.) – kiềm hãm; hạn chế	It is important for governments to act quickly to curb* obesity because of the rising death rate.*
cure (v.) – chữa trị	Some medicines are undertaken to cure* diseases of the eye, the head and the teeth.*
diagnose (v.) – chẩn đoán	When I was diagnosed* with diabetes, they told me I couldn’t eat chocolate.*
examine (v.) – kiểm tra	Another doctor examined* her and could still find nothing wrong.*
improve (v.) – nâng cao, cải thiện	There is some hope for sufferers in this area as relaxation therapy has been found to reduce stress levels and consequently improve* the quality of sleep.*
recognise (v.) – nhận ra, phát hiện ra	Psychologists now recognise* that there are many different types of intelligence and these are reflected in your personality.*
recover (v.) – hồi phục	It took her a long time to recover* from her heart operation.*
resolve (v.) – giải quyết	The paradox could be resolved* if depression was linked to growing old.*
screen (v.) – thử nghiệm, kiểm tra	Men over 50 are routinely screened* for prostate abnormalities.*
subsidise (v.) – trợ cấp, phụ cấp	To combat this problem, governments should, first of all, heavily tax junk food and use the revenue generated to subsidise* healthy fruit and vegetables.*
vaccinate (v.) – tiêm chủng	All children should be vaccinated* against infectious diseases such as measles.*

3. Từ vựng về dinh dưỡng và hình thể

diet (n.) – chế độ ăn	Weight gain can occur even with a healthy diet* in some people exposed to stress.*
dietitian (n.) – chuyên gia dinh dưỡng	Leading dietitians* recommend eating plenty of fruit and vegetables.*
obesity (n.) – sự béo phì	Stress can have varying effects on eating problems and weight. Often stress is related to weight gain and obesity.
obese (adj.) – béo phì	There has been a significant increase in the number of obese* people in Newtown.*
exercise (n.) – thể dục	It was only after several weeks of strenuous exercise* that I finally regained my fitness levels.*
fast food (n.) – đồ ăn nhanh	I hope that they will stop making food with so many additives in it and that fast food will become a lot healthier.
fat (n.) – chất béo	A diet that is high in fat* can gradually cause a build-up in your arteries that slows down the blood flow and can even block small arteries.*
ingredient (n.) – nguyên liệu, thành phần	Preparing a healthy meal can take a lot of time as you need to have fresh ingredients.
intake (n.) – sự lấy vào, sự hấp thụ	You should reduce your intake of foods that are high in fats, sugar and salt.
junk food (n.) – thực phẩm rác	Now that I live by myself, I find I’m too busy to cook or shop for food, so I tend to eat too much junk food nowadays.
muscle (n.) – cơ bắp	The heart is considered to be a muscle* and, just like any other muscle in your body.*
nutrient (n.) – chất dinh dưỡng	Fruit and vegetables contain vital nutrients.
nutrition (n.) – sự dinh dưỡng, chất dinh dưỡng	Finally, we eat for pleasure as well as nutrition* and for this reason I believe that pills will never replace well-cooked food.*
portion (n.) – khẩu phần	Eat moderate portions* and don’t be tempted to order a larger size when eating out.*
protein (n.) – chất đạm	Soy protein, which can help prevent heart disease, is being added to new breakfast cereals.
serving (n.) – suất ăn	You are recommended to eat at least two servings* of fruit and three of vegetables every day.*
variety (n.) – sự đa dạng	Make sure that you eat a variety* of foods. It is important to eat from all five food groups.*
weight (n.) – cân nặng	The correct weight* for you depends on many different factors including your age, height and sex.*
alternate (adj.) – xen kẽ, luân phiên	To give your body the chance to recover, it’s also best to alternate exercise days with rest days.
beneficial (adj.) – có ích	Scientists have shown that including fish in our diet may be beneficial* in reducing heart disease.*
healthy (adj.) – tốt cho sức khỏe	Companies offering products with healthy* ingredients have set the trend in recent years.*
regular (adj.) – thường xuyên	*Regular* exercise helps you burn calories faster, even when you are sitting still.
briskly (adv.) – nhanh	Common examples of aerobic exercise include walking briskly, jogging, running, swimming and cycling.
eliminate (v.) – loại trừ; bài tiết	You don’t need to eliminate* all of your favourite foods but do check the ingredients on food labels.*
maintain (v.) – giữ gìn; duy trì	Try to maintain a healthy weight. Being too thin can cause as many health problems as being overweight.
overeat (v.) – ăn quá nhiều, ăn quá mức	Skipping meals can lead to the fact that you overeat* as you will be much hungrier later.*
participate (v.) – tham gia	Although exercise has become more popular, fewer children participate* in sports than 50 years ago because now they spend too much time playing computer games.*
prevent (v.) – ngăn chặn	People should find their own motivation to prevent* obesity by being aware of the potentially fatal consequences of their lifestyles*
recommend (v.) – khuyến nghị	Leading dietitians recommend* eating plenty of fruit and vegetables.*
skip (v.) – bỏ qua	I’m trying to lose weight, so I’m skipping* lunch today.*
state (v.) – nói rằng, cho thấy	The table clearly states* the amount of fat found in commonly used foods.*
stimulate (v.) – kích thích	Caffeine binds to the same receptors, robbing adenosine of the ability to do its job and leaving caffeine free to stimulate* nerve cells.*

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